Against a backdrop of sharply deteriorating living conditions, the Cuban government presented the “2026 Economic and Social Program” this March 3, 2026. This document, which replaces the previous “Program to Correct Distortions and Revitalize the Economy,” emerges amidst a near-total paralysis due to fuel shortages and inflation that shows no mercy to the citizen’s wallet.

A Rebrand Facing the Abyss

During a Council of Ministers session, authorities outlined critical priorities as macroeconomic stabilization and increasing foreign currency income. However, for many analysts, the change in nomenclature reflects a lack of structural solutions for a country facing a record 65% energy deficit and an informal inflation rate keeping the dollar above 510 CUP.

The Cuban president emphasized the need to focus on domestic production, particularly food, at a time when oil shortages have even halted garbage collection in the capital and air travel to the island.

Key Points of the New Program

The plan outlines three fundamental pillars:

Fiscal Deficit Reduction: Extreme austerity measures in the state sector.
Encouraging Foreign Investment: Specifically in sectors like Havana’s solid waste management.
Controlled Private Sector Opening: Seeking that SMEs take on part of the import burden, including recent authorizations for fuel sales.

FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is the 2026 Economic and Social Program?
It’s the Cuban government’s new strategic plan to attempt to curb the inflationary and energy crisis affecting the country, replacing the failed plans of 2025.

2. How does this plan affect current inflation?
The government anticipates a 10% increase in formal market prices, though the informal market continues to be dictated by an exchange rate already exceeding 510 pesos per dollar.

3. Are there concrete measures for the blackouts?
The program prioritizes capturing foreign currency for fuel purchases but offers no immediate timeline for the recovery of the National Electric System.

4. What role do SMEs play in this new scenario?
The private sector is expected to take a more active role in importing basic supplies given the state’s financial inability.

Sources: Granma, CiberCuba, Infobae.

How we got here

Background

The first thing we published on this topic.

Feb 10, 2026

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